Bitola to Skopje

As we are moving away from Bitola, we start to see tobacco fields. We have never seen tobacco growing so there is great interest in the van. “Stop the van!” someone calls and Murray, R and our guide pile out to take photos.

Tobacco field
Tobacco field

Further down the road we see metal vaulted structures covered with plastic with what looks like tobacco leaves hanging on racks. “Stop the van!”

Tobacco leaf
Tobacco leaf
Tobacco drying
Tobacco drying

We jump out of the van and walk toward the structures and there happens to be people just there. The young woman invites us to come look. It is indeed tobacco leaves drying. The huts at the far end have all brown leaves and they move through yellows to fresh green leaves where we are standing.

We chat to the young woman (age 16), her grandmother (age 64) and her father. The price of tobacco has gone down and they only get 500Dinar for a kilogram of dried tobacco. They have to pay the pickers, so the profit is not too much. They also grow some organic fruit and veg and gift us a watermelon, a bag of tomatoes and a melon. The tomatoes are delicious and I will eat them for lunch until they are gone.

The visit was wonderful and I think both sides enjoyed it very much. I know I did.

After about 2 hours of driving we arrive in Skopje, the capital of North Macedonia. The population of the city is about 500,000 so it has a big city feel. The crosswalks aren’t like Tirana, the cars don’t stop for you. The traffic is heavy and the people are everywhere.

Mother Teresa Museum
Mother Teresa Museum

Mother Teresa was born in Skopje! There is a small museum about her life and a statue or two.

I have to tell this story. We had another local guide take us around the downtown area. At one point, he says to Murray, “Is the small one Greek?” ( Meaning me, of course.) Mur says “Well, she is half Greek, her father was Greek.” And he says “That’s why she doesn’t listen.” HAH! I was mostly listening to his verbal diarrhea of names, dates, places and history!

Gypsies. Yup, there are gypsies in Skopje and area. We first stopped a Gypsies camp on the outskirts of the city. Then, when we were at the Mother Teresa museum there was a family of them close by. Mur and I locked eyes and both understood to watch our possessions. We spotted them again further along our walk and L thought she say a couple of young girls pick pocket a woman. Tourists have to be so careful.

Peppers from a field
Peppers from a field

My last comment about Skopje is that I am impressed by two statues, one of King Phillip II of Macedonia and one of his son, Alexander III of Macedonia (Alexander the Great). The statues are absolutely huge, majestic and impressive.

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Lake Ohrid to Bitola

Our route takes us along Lake Ohrid and then onto a very steep and winding road up and over a pass in Galicica National Park. The views to the lake and the mountain tops are stunning.

Lake Prespa
Lake Prespa

We make our way down another steep and winding road to Lake Prespa. We are to meet up with a local guide who will take us on a hike. J, the guide, is also a sports teacher at the local high school. The trail is about 5.75 km return and climbs about 250 m and leads to the Monastery of St Mary. Except for one uphill portion, it is a comfortable walk through the forest where there are so many oak trees, junipers, fir trees, beech trees and others. The monastery is only used for retreats now and is maintained by the local villagers and looks very well cared for.

Monastery of St Mary
Monastery of St Mary

On the drive to Bitola, we view orchard after orchard of apple trees just loaded with Red Delicious apples. That is a lot of apples!

Interesting fact about Bitola. The first movie camera in the Balkans was in Bitola, brought here by the Manaki brothers. The first film was of their mother spinning wool. Today, there is an annual Manaki Film Festival that draws stars such as Juliette Binoche. There are stars on the walkway for best cinematography each year.

Bitola

I think Bitola is a very vibrant and bustling city in the summer with outdoor markets, music and festivals. Today, the chilly wind is blowing and it is rather deserted.

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Lake Ohrid

Ten o’clock finds us on a boat backing away from the dock in the harbour of Ohrid. We are on our way to the Monestery of St Naum (interesting that it matches so closely to my last name!)

The story goes something like this. Disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Saint Clement of Ohrid and Saint Naum, created the precursor to the Cyrillic language in the 9th century. The Slavic language was formalized 30 years later and by the 10th century, it was spreading across the Balkans. The monastery was founded by Saint Naum and he is buried there.

Yes, today is about a relaxing boat ride and short tour of the monastery, but the day is really about relating to other travellers. Murray and I believe one of the most enjoyable parts of travelling is meeting people from all over the world.

On the trip to the monastery, we chat to a young woman from the Czech Republic travelling on her own. I start up a conversation with a couple from Norway, asking them about travelling in their country. They give me some suggestions of things to do in Norway. They are on a group tour for a week exploring this part of North Macedonia.

Monastery of St Naum
Monastery of St Naum

On the way back to Ohrid, Murray, the guide and I sit inside on the boat. We end up at a table with a young g couple from Prague and man from China. The six of us chat about various topics ranging from the differences between Cantonese and Mandarin, to hockey, to sights to visit in Prague, to hobbies. A wonderful way to spend and hour.

After we disembark, Murray and I explore the shopping street and look for a spot for supper. We pick a restaurant based on how busy it is. A table of people get up, the table gets cleared and a single fellow sits down at it. Murray asks him if we can share his table and he welcomes us to sit down.

Lake Ohrid
Lake Ohrid

The fellow is from Australia, Tasmania to be exact, and he is awaiting a friend he just met. The friend turns out to be a young Greek man who road his motorbike from Thessaloniki this morning. The four of us chatted away while we order and wait for our food. While we eat we talk about travelling, bike touring, countries visited all the while encouraging the young Greek to travel as much as he can.

A couple from Netherlands stops by our table to ask Murray a question and a conversation ensues. Home countries and good wishes for enjoyable travel are shared.

To me, these interactions are what makes travelling memorable. It is a good day.

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Tirana to Lake Ohrid, North Macedonia

It’s Saturday morning and there isn’t much traffic so we get out of Tirana easily. Soon we are on a 110kph highway travelling south east towards Elbasan. The highway ends abruptly and we wind our way through the town. Everyone is out doing their Saturday shopping.

Railway bridge along our route

We stop at a fruit stand and I buy four purple figs for 70 Lek, just over a Cdn dollar. The stand also has persimmons, plums, tomatoes, nectarines, peppers and lots more.

The Via Egnatia was the Roman road that ran through the Balkans, connecting the Adriatic to Byzantium. It ran through Durres, Elbasan, Ohrid, through Greece through Thessaloniki towards Byzantium (Constaninople). The road was used for the military and to connect Roman colonies. We are roughly following the same route.

The border crossing into North Macedonia has two extremely long car line ups. Fortunately, we got to use the bus line. It still takes time, an inspection of the van and a description of what we are doing in the country, and then we are off once again.

Yugoslavia had six states and around 1992, it was divided into seven countries – Kosovo, Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Bosnia-Herzagovina, Croatia and Slovenia. At the time there was war in some of these countries but it did not touch North Macedonia.

Interesting fact. Tito, who ruled Yugoslavia, allowed the country to be half capitalistic and half communist. The people were allowed to travel, have a house, own a car, unlike Albania where the people were lucky to be allowed 2 or 3 rooms in an apartment block and were not allowed out of the country. We noticed that there are more single family houses as we approach Lake Ohrid. North Macedonia has about 2 million people consisting of about 1.3 million North Macedonians and 700,000 Albanians.

Ohrid
Historical Ohrid houses


In Ohrid, we take a walking tour of the old part of the town that sits on the hillside. Ivana, a local guide required by law, takes us up the roads, stopping to look at houses and churches. The houses all have a small footprint on the ground level, then expand outward on the first and second levels. It was done this way due to a lack of land on the hillside and to increase the living area inside the house. The area is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, so the buildings must maintain the old architectural look.

There are two families, Talevi and Filevi, who make pearls. Mother of Pearl is used to make the bead and then numerous coats of an emulsion of fish scales, from fish in Lake Ohrid, are applied. The recipe is a closely guarded secret of the two families.

There are numerous Byzantine era churches on the hillside, each with their own story, which I have forgotten already. The buildings are cool though!

The Greeks built an amphitheater in Ohrid, that was used for music and theatre, around the 3rd century BC. When the Romans took over the area, they converted the theatre for gladiatorial contests and executions. Then, around the 4th century AD the Christians buried it as they didn’t want it associated with the executions. In 1980, when construction was being done, it was discovered, excavated and labeled an historic site.

Theatre built by the Greeks

Tomorrow we are taking a boat across Lake Ohrid to a monastery. The lake is a tectonic lake, one of only three in the world. It was not created by glaciers etc. but by movement of the earth’s crust forming a depression. The lake is 288 meters deep and about 350 sq km. (about the size of Cold Lake, Alberta).

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A Guided Day in Tirana

The weather website said it was going to rain. We are to meet at 9am and it’s raining. Not pouring but hard enough. After a short pow wow we, as a group, decide not to start out as planned with the walking part of the day. We spend most of the morning downtown driving in circles looking for a parking space. Not likely in a city that had no cars until 1991 (or there about). The roads are narrow but our guide, C, maneuvers our 10 passenger Ford van in and around the tiny Euro cars in expert fashion. We do part of the walking tour in the van, driving down the main boulevard of Tirana. C explains that there was nothing around the street when it was built and that the city was built around it. It is the backbone of the modern city. The government buildings line the street with all the main cultural and university buildings dispersed in amongst them.

Another group decision points us in the direction of the ‘Nuclear Bunker’, that the dictator commissioned, earlier than planned. There are miles of tunnels, all concrete reinforced, that thread through a mountain in a north Tirana suburb. The entrance is guarded by several massive steel and concrete doors. Beyond is a network of tunnels. living quarters, military operation areas, communication rooms, a decontamination shower, a small theatre for propaganda dispersion and many, many more small rooms that were not defined. We only covered a very small portion of it and it took about an hour.

After a short break for lunch, we were headed back downtown to do the walking tour of the town center. The rain had stopped so reversing the order of the plan worked out quite well. After taking in a bit of the long-ago history of Albania and how it came to be what it is today we were off to visit the House of Leaves. This was the center of operations of the secret service, the Sigurimi, that was operational during the time when Albania was ruled by the dictator Hoxha. The ‘police’ force under the command of the completely mad dictator was ruthless. torturing and killing thousands of people that were thought to be a threat to the all-mighty leader. Paranoia played a big part of it. But as Hoxha had declared religion to be illegal, making Albania the world’s first atheist state, the religious leaders also fell to the sword.

A view of the very shocking conditions under which the Albanians lived for fifty years was somewhat depressing. Their history up till the end of WWII was one of strength and heroism. Even though they had been occupied several times over the last 2000 plus years they always emerged as Albania (or what we know as Albania). Then some nut gets appointed leader and they live in a country from which no one can leave and no one can enter for 50 years. Once again, these proud people of this area are dragging themselves from obscurity and making a country worth living in.

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Berat to Gjirokaster to Tirana

We have a long day yesterday and by the time we get back to the hotel it is 8:30 pm and a post will have to wait.

Nikea
Nikea

On the drive from Berat to Gjirokaster, we stop at an ancient site. It is Nikea, a 5th century BC Illyrian fortified settlement. All that is left now are pieces of the wall, and parts of the theatre. It seems, every time an invading army conquers,m they kill the people and cart away the stones. The wall is quite impressive with its huge oddly shaped blocks. The site is located near a small village, on the top of a hill that has a 360 degree view of the surrounding countryside. It is peaceful up there, except for the barking dogs somewhere below us that we cannot see.

Fig
A fig!

As we travel, our guide picks various types of fruit for us. Green figs and grapes, red figs, purple grapes and pomegranates. We taste them all. I am delighted with the figs as I have never been a fig lover. I would eat these!

Pomegranate

As we drive towards Gjirokaster, we see a turkey farm with about 300 turkeys. Our guide says the sale of those is enough for a family to live for a year. We view the river Vjosa, which is the largest remaining wild river in Europe and it is protected as a national park.


Gjirokaster Castle
Gjirokaster Castle

When we arrive in Gjirokaster, we visit the castle that overlooks the town and the river valley, making it a strategic military location. It is an Ottoman era fortress, built beginning in the 12th century. There is a legend that Princess Argjiro, who lived in the 15th century jumped off the wall with her child to avoid capture by the Ottomans.

Gjirokaster
Gjirokaster

Today, as we drive from Gjirokaster back to Tirana, our guide explains how a sheep farmer earns enough to live. He has some hundreds of sheep which we sells lambs, cheese and milk for about $17,000 a year. The man of the family travels to Greece for three to six months a year to pick fruit and makes about 1,500 Euro a month. The family doesn’t spend much so they have enough to live on for the year. He calls this “the simple rhythm of economy.”

We see many derelict factories left over from the communist era. Free enterprise has been accepted here with open arms. Unfortunately, there is little marketing and business acumen as there are numerous closed gas stations, restaurants and shops.

The countryside is rolling hills stretching up to mountains. These hills have been cleared and are now agricultural lands. Soon, there won’t be any wild forests left. Olive tree groves are the main crop. Our guide says that these trees do not get sick and since their roots are shallow, they soak up moisture very easily.

We have a full day in Tirana before we strike out on the road again, this time going towards North Macedonia.

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Berat

Berat Castle is a fortified hilltop with an exterior wall extending about 1.4 kms. It dates back to the 4th century BC, through  the Roman Era, the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire to the present day where it is an active community of houses, guest houses and a museum. A number of churches were added inside the fortress over the years. It was a strategic fortress controlling trade routes and defence of the area.

Berat Castle
Berat Castle

We wander the uneven stone paths inside the fortress and visit the churches and museum. The churches are a hybrid of religions as they are built “Catholic” on the outside and “Byzantine” on the inside. The Albanians put their mark on the altar pieces and icons by using red in the paintings. I have never seen a painting of the Virgin Mary and Jesus with the Virgin wearing a red robe. 


Berat


Berat is built on both side of a wide river bed. One side is said to be the Muslim side and the other is the Christian side. Strolling the small walkways among the houses on the Muslim side brings me back to the Greek island Hydra. Access to these houses is only by foot. The lanes are cooler with the breeze wafting through.


Berat

We cross over to the Christian side on a foot bridge and do the same on this side. Then back over the river on another bridge. By then we are all hungry so stop for a lunch, for me anyway, of a stuffed eggplant. It was delicious!

Osum Gorge
Osum Gorge

It is decided to go for a drive to see a gorge on the River Osum, further upstream than Berat. We travel through agricultural lands, with olive trees, crops, greenhouses growing peppers and eggplants, vegetable fields. Small villages dotted the windy, rolling road. 

I spot a lookout over the gorge so we stop and have a good look. There happens to be a group of kayakers travelling down the gorge so we watch them until they paddle out of sight. 

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On the Road to Berat

This morning we meet our guide/driver for the next two weeks and then pick up our friends L&R from the airport. Stage two of our trip begins.

As we drive towards Berat, south of Tirana, we learn tidbits of information about Albania. Here are some random notes:

Albania is 50% Muslim and 50% Christian. To confuse things, most Muslims have Christian last names.

Albania has 3 million olive trees, whereas Greece has 10 million, Italy has 15 million and Spain has 17 million.

The area of the country is about 28,000 sq km and has a population of 3 million. Vancouver Island, in Canada, is about 31,000 sq km with a population of about 800,000.

Albania has been tied to Greece for hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of years. It is said that the Greeks were the philosophers and the Albanians were the warriors and the carpenters.

There is no auto industry in the country. Vehicles are imported. Lumber is imported from Sweden. Crude oil is exported. Tourism is now one of the major economic drivers.

Our guide was telling us what it was like to be a 13 year old living under the dictator that ruled for 40 years. He said that he had to stand in line for four hours to get a cup of milk. They had no new clothes and no shoes. The dictator bought MIG fighter planes but kept the populace starving. The people were forced to work on the weekends to clear new land for agriculture.

We stop in Durres, a port and tourist city. It is only 4 hrs by ferry across the Adriatic to Italy. We walk the beach to stretch our legs. The beach is a little rough, but there are a couple of folks in the water. 

Durres Beach
Durres Beach

Arriving in Berat is refreshing as, to me anyway, it looks like a Greek town without the blue colour. Tomorrow we will explore the area.

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Tirana, Day 2

Today we are headed to Parku i Madh i Tiranes (Tirana Lake Park). It was built in 1956/57 using a plan of a Bulgarian designer. The park is 230 hectares, the lake itself is 55 hectares. The park sports 120 different species of trees, including what looks like maple trees!

On the way we walk through the Tirana Castle. An 18th century castle that has been repurposed as a mall. It is nicely done and not your standard image when you think of a mall. Smaller shops and upscale restaurants.

Repurposed Tirana Castle
Repurposed Tirana Castle

Arriving at the edge of the park our eyes follow the trail up, up and up. Holy, that is one steep climb. Half way up we find a bench in the shade and rest a bit. Walk up takes its toll and the heat just multiplies the effect. As we sit, a young couple with the same idea walk past to the next shaded bench. I didn’t feel so bad watching people less than ½ our ages doing the same thing. We make it to the apex and the route down is just as steep, but we didn’t need a rest on the way down.

When we reach the lake there is an unoccupied bench that is perfect to watch the world pass by. It’s Sunday and the locals are out strolling. There is a constant stream of people walk by. Most are just strolling and enjoying the weather. It is not so far away from winter so they are making the most of it.

Debbie makes note of a few things. The number of people attached to dogs. Hardly any. Out of the hundreds of people that walk by maybe a dozen have a dog in tow (or visa versa).

The other thing is the number of children. Kids 6 or 8 and younger that are out and about with their parents. The proportion is much higher than North America for sure and I think greater than anywhere we have been in the past few years.

We walked a short distance along the lake shore and looking back we noticed what looked like a way out that did not require the walk up and down the ‘mountain’ we arrived over.

The walk home was a random stroll. We knew the general direction we needed to go so we just walked. Funny, as things go, we managed to walk along 3 of the same roads we traversed yesterday. Hell, we have only been here two days and already we can’t get lost.

Today Tirana, tomorrow Berat.

Note from Debbie – Remember in my first post I mentioned to always watch where I walk? Yeah, I got complacent as the sidewalk looked flat, stepped on something uneven and BOOM down I went. I have a real nice bruise on the inside of my wrist, no broken bones, just injured pride.

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Tirana, Albania

We go for our first real walk in Tirana today. Our destinations are a pyramid and a SPAR Market (to buy items more suitable for Debbie’s breakfast).

The sidewalks have rough spots, tippy flag stones and protruding sections that are waiting for an unsuspecting tourist to trip on. I have my eye on the ground constantly watching for these lurking beasts. Many sidewalks are narrow so we walk in single file. Other folks out this morning, walk s..l..o..w, so we scoot around them, although I am not walking fast, too busy looking down.

Mosque of Namazgah
Mosque of Namazgah

Tirana is filled with small parks. As there are many apartment blocks here, the children need places to play, so the parks fill that need. The buildings, both residential and commercial are a mix of modern and what looks to be communist era, there are no mid century buildings. It makes sense since Albania ceased to be communist in 1992.

We wander past a large mosque and then climb The Pyramid of Tirana. A steep climb up gives us some height to view Tirana. The pyramid was originally museum and mausoleum for Hoxha, who ruled Albania in an oppressive communist regime for four decades. After communism collapsed, the pyramid fell into disrepair until 2021 when it was refurbished and re imagined.

Pyramid of Tirana
Pyramid of Tirana

Our next mission is the SPAR Market, a Dutch company that we discovered on our bike trip through the Netherlands. We have a printed map off Google and some written notes to help us find it. Yeah, yeah, paper, not digital. We are learning that not everyone here speaks English. As we are sitting on a wall along the sidewalk, we are trying to guess which passersby would speak English, so we can confirm what street we are on. Not so obvious!

We finally locate the store, and realize the P.B. is cheaper at the store near our hotel. Between the pyramid and the SPAR, we walk through an area called Blloku, an upscale area full of shops, restaurants and bars. There are not so many people here as near our hotel. Perhaps a lack of tourists. We notice there are always locals sitting in the cafes drinking coffee and chatting. A morning ritual?

Our first day in the heat is taking a toll (on Debbie) so we head back to the hotel to cool off and rest our feet (Debbie’s). We did pretty good for day one. We have scoped out a couple of restaurants for supper, so we will explore the local cuisine tonight.

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